Q1 The blood contains too little of component X, The function of X is to carry oxygen in the body. The mineral Y is necessary for the formation of X. The lesser amount of X in the blood due to the deficiency of mineral Y causes the diseases Z. What is component X. What type of blood cells contain X. Name the material Y. What is disease X? Write the major symptoms of disease Z.
Ans
- Component X is Hemoglobin.
- The type of blood cells that contain Hemoglobin are Red Blood Cells.
- Mineral Y is Iron.
- Disease Z is likely Anemia, specifically Iron Deficiency Anemia.
Major symptoms of Iron Deficiency Anemia (Disease Z) include:
- Fatigue and weakness.
- Pale skin.
- Shortness of breath.
- Dizziness or lightheadedness.
- Heart palpitations and rapid heartbeat.
- Dry and damaged hair and skin.
- Swelling or soreness of the tongue.
- Restless legs syndrome.
- Brittle or spoon-shaped fingernails.
- Frequent infections due to weakened immune system.
Q2 A person lives in the hilly area. The drinking water and food grown in this area are poor in mineral P. The deficiency of P in the body causes an abnormal enlargement of gland Q leading disease R. The disease R, however, does not occur in the people living in the coastal area.
- Mineral P is Iodine.
- Gland Q is the Thyroid gland.
- Disease R is Goiter.
Goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck, which can be caused by iodine deficiency. Iodine is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones. When there's not enough iodine in a person's diet, the thyroid gland can enlarge to try to compensate for this deficiency.
Coastal regions typically have more iodine in their diet due to the abundance of seafood and seaweed, both of which are high in iodine. Therefore, people in coastal regions are less likely to develop iodine deficiency and subsequently, goiter.
On the other hand, in hilly or mountainous regions, the soil is typically deficient in iodine, leading to lower iodine levels in the crops grown there. If these crops form a major part of the diet and aren't supplemented with iodine-rich foods, individuals in these regions can develop iodine deficiency and potentially goiter.
However, keep in mind that there are also other causes of goiter, including Graves' disease, Hashimoto's disease, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer, among others. If a person suspects they have a thyroid problem, they should seek medical advice.Q3 P, Q and R are the three gaseous components in air. Gaseous P and Q can dissolved in the water of rivers, lakes and seas but gas R does not dissolve in water. The organism S which live in water use the gas P dissolve in water to make their by the process of photosynthesis. All the organisms which live in water use the gas Q dissolve in water for releasing energy from food. Gas are R is major component of air. a) What are gaseous P, Q and R. b) Name the organisms.
Ans The gases are likely:
- Gas P: Carbon dioxide (CO2)
- Gas Q: Oxygen (O2)
- Gas R: Nitrogen (N2)
Carbon dioxide and oxygen can dissolve in water, and these dissolved gases are used by aquatic organisms. Carbon dioxide is used by photosynthetic organisms for photosynthesis, and oxygen is used by all aquatic organisms for respiration. Nitrogen is the major component of air but it does not dissolve in water to any significant degree under normal conditions.
b) The organisms that use carbon dioxide in the process of photosynthesis are primarily photosynthetic bacteria (like cyanobacteria), algae, and plants, which are all primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. All organisms in the water, including these primary producers as well as other animals and bacteria, use the dissolved oxygen for cellular respiration.Q 4 X, Y and Z are three types of material. The materials X and Y can break into pieces easily when hit with an object but material X does not break easily. The material X is used in the windows of bathroom in our house where as the material Y is used in windows of drawing room. The material Z is used in making doors and Almirah in our house. a) What do you think material X could be, what is the general name of material like X. b) What could be the material Y be, what is the general name of materials like Y. c) What could be material Z be and what is the general name of materials like Z be.
Ans a) Material X could be Frosted glass, which doesn't break as easily as regular glass because it has been etched or sandblasted to create a rough surface. The general name for materials like X are Safety glasses.
b) Material Y could be Regular glass or Clear glass, often used in drawing room windows for a clear view of the outside. The general name for materials like Y is Annealed glass.
c) Material Z could be Wood, a common material used for making doors and furniture such as almirahs. The general name for materials like Z are Hardwoods, which are typically more durable and used for furniture making and construction.Q5 Classify the following as rectilinear, circular, periodic and rotational motion. a) The motion of plucked string of a guitar. b)The motion of earth around the sun. c) The motion of a cyclist on a straight plain road. d)The spinning of earth on its axis. e) The motion of the tip of hand of the clock.
Ans ) The motion of a plucked string of a guitar: Periodic Motion – When a guitar string is plucked, it vibrates back and forth in a regular repeating pattern.
b) The motion of the earth around the sun: Circular Motion – Earth moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun, but this is generally approximated as circular for simplicity. The motion can also be considered periodic because it repeats every year.
c) The motion of a cyclist on a straight plain road: Rectilinear Motion – This is straight-line motion.
d) The spinning of the earth on its axis: Rotational Motion – The Earth rotates around its axis.
e) The motion of the tip of a hand of a clock: Circular Motion – The tips of the hands of a clock move in a circular path. It is also Periodic because it repeats every hour (for the hour hand), every 12 hours (for the minute hand), or every 24 hours (for the second hand).