Table of Contents

Class VII – Science

Chapter 2: Nutrition in Animals

I. Fill in the blanks

__________ is the process of taking in food by an organism and its digestion, absorption, and utilization in the body.
Answer: Ingestion
The __________ is a nutrition in which an organism takes in food by feeding upon it and then energy for life processes.
Answer: Heterotrophic
The process of taking food by an organism is called __________.
Answer: Ingestion
The process by which undigested food is removed from the body is called __________.
Answer: Egestion
The food passes through a long muscular canal __________ that begins at the __________ end at the anus.
Answer: Alimentary canal
The glands associated with the alimentary canal are __________ and pancreas.
Answer: Salivary glands
The buccal cavity contains the __________, __________, and __________.
Answer: Teeth, tongue
The salivary glands produce a digestive juice called __________ which breaks down the present in the food into sugars.
Answer: Saliva
The __________ is a fleshy, muscular organ attached at the back to the floor of the buccal cavity.
Answer: Tongue
The process of chewing breaks down the food into small pieces and mixes it with saliva known as __________.
Answer: Mastication
The white and hardest substance that covers the teeth is called __________.
Answer: Enamel
The bacteria present in our mouth react with leftover food and the saliva which forms then, sticky layer called __________.
Answer: Plaque
Plaque, if not removed by brushing forms __________ with the sugar present in the food.
Answer: Cavities
Digestion does not take place in the __________ or __________.
Answer: Oesophagus, large intestine
The pushing down of food by the walls of the oesophagus is called __________.
Answer: Peristalsis
The inner wall of the stomach contains __________ which secrete digestive juices that contain three substances: __________, __________, and __________.
Answer: Gastric glands, hydrochloric acid, pepsin, mucus
__________ kills the bacteria that enter with the food in the stomach.
Answer: Hydrochloric acid
The __________ protects the inner lining of the stomach from the action of the acid.
Answer: Mucus
The small intestine receives secretions from two glands, the __________ and __________.
Answer: Liver, pancreas
The __________ is a reddish-brown gland situated in the upper part of the abdomen.
Answer: Liver
__________ is the largest gland in our body that secretes __________, which is stored in a sac called __________, which helps in the digestion of __________.
Answer: Liver, bile juice, gallbladder, fats
The __________ acts on carbohydrates and proteins and changes them into simpler forms.
Answer: Pancreatic juice
The process of digestion completes in the __________.
Answer: Small intestine
The process of absorption of food occurs in the __________.
Answer: Small intestine
The large intestine has two parts – __________ and the __________. The colon absorbs __________ and __________ from undigested food.
Answer: Colon, rectum, water, salts
The partially digested food in ruminants is called __________.
Answer: Cud
The process in which cud returns to the mouth as small lumps and the animals chew it a second time is called __________.
Answer: Rumination
In animals like horses, rabbits cellulose is digested in a specialized organ called __________, which is a large sac-like structure present between __________ and __________.
Answer: Caecum, small intestine, large intestine
__________ provide a large surface area for the absorption of digested food in the small intestine.
Answer: Villi
__________ is the organ that is involved in the digestion of milk protein in infants.
Answer: Rennin

II. Name the following

Name the part of the alimentary canal that is involved in respectively-
1. a) Killing of bacteria
  Answer: Stomach
2. b) Chewing of food
  Answer: Buccal cavity
3. c) Absorption of digested food
  Answer: Small intestine
Name the organ involved in the absorption of water.
Answer: Large intestine
Process of pushing down of food by the oesophagus.
Answer: Peristalsis
Widest part of the alimentary canal.
Answer: Stomach
Longest part of the alimentary canal.
Answer: Small intestine
Largest gland in the body that helps in the digestion of fats.
Answer: Liver
Ends product of digestion of-
1. a) Carbohydrates
  Answer: Glucose
2. b) Proteins
  Answer: Amino acids
3. c) Fats
  Answer: Fatty acids and glycerol
Finger-like projection in the inner wall of the small intestine.
Answer: Villi
White and hardest substance that covers the teeth.
Answer: Enamel
Special structure present in the following for the ingestion of food-
1. a) Human beings
  Answer: Mouth
2. b) Paramecium
  Answer: Cilia
3. c) Hydra
  Answer: Tentacles
4. d) Frog
  Answer: Sticky tongue
5. e) Insects
  Answer: Proboscis

III. Analogy Based Questions

Frog: Sticky tongue:: Insects: __________
Answer: Proboscis
Incisors: __________:: Premolars: 8
Answer: 4
Stomach: __________:: Liver: Reddish brown gland
Answer: Muscular sac

IV. Correct the underlined word

The undigested semisolid waste known as faeces is passed into the colon.
Answer: Rectum
Consumption of unclean water or dirty food results in dehydration.
Answer: Diseases
The carbohydrates get broken down into amino acids.
Answer: Simple sugars
Pancreas is the largest gland in our body.
Answer: Liver

V. Assertion Based Questions

Use the following key to choose the appropriate answer:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): Rumen is the first of four chambers of the stomach of ruminants.
Reason (R): In rumen, the food gets partially digested and is called cud.

Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Liver secretes juice called bile juice.
Reason (R): Bile juice is stored in the liver.

Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Food is pushed down the food pipe which runs through the neck and chest.
Reason (R): The peristaltic movement of the wall of the food pipe is a continuous process.

Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Nutrition in animals

Class VII – Science

Chapter 2: Nutrition in Animals

I. Fill in the blanks

II. Name the following

III. Analogy Based Questions

IV. Correct the underlined word

V. Assertion Based Questions

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